![]() ![]() Turbulent flow head loss equations always contain some type of empirical coefficient to account for drag along the wall and the relative importance of inertial vs. However, the overwhelming portion of flows in real water systems are in the turbulent flow range such that it’s not possible to come up with a single analytical expression. In the case of laminar flow, it is possible to derive a theoretically correct equation, the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, from the starting point of F = ma. Much of the early days of hydraulic engineering were consumed with engineers trying to come up with the right equation to do these calculations. In order to do any kind of hydraulic modeling, whether it is for water distribution, sewage or stormwater, it is necessary to determine the head loss over a range of flow rates.
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